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Singkarak Lake is located in two districts in West Sumatra. Kabupaten Solok and Tanah Datar. With 107.8 km2 lake is a lake to the most widely-2 on the island of Sumatra. This lake is the headwaters Ombilin Trunk. This part of the lake water flowed trough a tunnel cut through to the Bukit Barisan Batang Anai for the generator PLTA Singkarak near Lubuk Alung, Padang Pariaman.

Fish Bilih ( Mystacoleucus padangensis) is a species of fish is estimated that only lives in this lake, and become one of the typical food. Research experts said the 19 fish species live in fresh water habitat of Lake Singkarak, Kabupaten Solok and Tanah Datar, West Sumatra, with the availability of food is limited.
From the 19 species, three species of which have a high population density, ie, fish Bilih/Biko ( Mystacoleusus padangensis Blkr), Asang.Nilem (Osteochilus brachmoides) and Rinuak. Other fish species that live in Lake Singkarak is, Turiak/Turiq (Cyclocheilicthys de Zwani), Lelan/Nillem (Osteochilis vittatus), Sasau/Barau (Hampala mocrolepidota) and Gariang/Tor (Tor tambroides).

Then, Kapiek fish species (Puntius shwanefeldi) and Balinka/Belingkah (Puntius Belinka), Baung (Macrones planiceps), Kalang (Clarias batrachus), Jabuih/bloated (Tetradon Mappa) Kalai/gurami (Osphronemus gurami lac) and Puyu/Betok (Anabas testudeneus).

Furthermore, fish species Sapek/Sepat (Trichogaster trichopterus), Tilan (mastacembelus unicolor), Jumpo/cork (Chana striatus), Kiuang/cork (pleurothalmus Chana) and Mujaie/Mujair ( Tilapia pleurothalmus), plus Hafrijal.

With only 19 species of fish that live in Lake Singkarak indicates diversity of fish in that place does not high. Mesogotrofik Lake Singkarak conditions which cause this power to support the habitat for developmet and growth of organisms such as plankton and water betos, very limited.

Several times from the research showed a population of plankton and betos in Lake Singkarak very low. The plankton community (fitoplankton and zooplankton) is the basis of a food chain and very important role in the ecosystem of a lake.

Condition, the main source of nutrition natural fish are usually different types of plankton and bentos. Singkarak Lake is located on the geographical location of the coorditates 0, Latitude 35 degrees South (LS) and 100.3 East Longitude (BT) with a height of 363.5 meters above sea level (mdpl).

Area surface water of Lake Singkarak reach 11.200 hectares with a maximum length of 20 kilometers and 6.5 kilometers wide and 268 meters depth. Lake has an area water flow along the 1076 kilometers with rainfall 82 to 252 per month melimeter.